Some substances cause problems in a septic system by reducing or even stopping microorganism breakdown. Even small amounts of paint or solvents flushed down toilets or poured down sink drains can poison the system by killing crucial microorganisms. Garbage disposals easily overburden septic fields, especially when used to excess. As well, excessive amounts of water does damage, too.

All septic tanks accumulate solid material over time, however close to 50% of this material will decompose as a result of the bacteria present. The rest of the accumulation in the tank has to be pumped out on a regular basis, or it can cause problems. Specific things to KEEP OUT of the septic system are:

• Oils, grease
• Gasoline, antifreeze
• Varnishes, paints, solvents
• Caustic drain & harsh cleaners
• Photographic solutions, bleach, pesticides
• Nail polish remover
• Cat box litter
• Tampons, sanitary napkins, diapers, paper towels, condoms
• Plastics
• Coffee grounds, egg shells, other kitchen waste

Septic field problems can be detected by patches of bright green grass or turf that feels spongy when you walk on it, or toilets, showers and sinks that are very slow to drain. Sewage or smelly liquid near the leach field and sewage odors after a rainfall are other indicators.

• Keep surface water from flowing into your septic tank.
• Remove trees with invasive roots that can penetrate/damage the drain field.
• Do not drive over the septic tank or drain field.
• Don not dig in the drain field.
• Do not build on or cover up the tank or drain field with concrete or blacktop.
• The less water you put in the system, the more time it has to do its work adequately, as bacteria and other organisms in the system work slowly to break down waste. They can only handle a certain amount at a time and it takes time to separate liquids from solids.